Encephalitis should be selected according to the cause of the patient’s illness. Viral encephalitis is treated with antiviral therapy; bacterial infections are treated with sensitive antibiotics; fungal encephalitis is treated with antifungal drugs. Drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor.
1. Viral encephalitis: antiviral treatment should be given, representative drugs include acyclovir, ganciclovir, etc., which can improve the prognosis of patients. Immunotherapy, including interferon, transfer factor, etc., can also be used. In addition, adrenocorticotropic hormone, such as dexamethasone and methylprednisolone, can be used if the patient’s condition is more serious.
2. Bacterial encephalitis: firstly, according to the results of drug sensitivity test, choose sensitive antibiotics for anti-infection treatment, such as using ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, etc. Secondly, glucocorticoids can be used. Secondly, glucocorticoids can be used to inhibit the release of inflammatory cells, representing drugs such as dexamethasone and methylprednisolone. In addition, patients with increased intracranial pressure can use dehydrating diuretics, such as mannitol, glycerol fructose and so on.
3. Fungal encephalitis: antifungal drugs should be given at the early stage of the disease, preferred amphotericin B is currently the strongest antifungal drug, but the adverse reaction is more, should be weighed against the advantages and disadvantages of other drugs include fluconazole and so on. Those with increased intracranial pressure are given dehydrating agents to prevent brain herniation. Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are also performed in patients with hydrocephalus.
It is recommended that patients presenting with encephalitis seek prompt medical attention and active treatment under the guidance of a physician to avoid delays.