According to the American Rheumatism Association (ARA) 1997 revised classification criteria, there are 11 items: (1) zygomatic-cheek erythema; (2) discoid lupus; (3) photosensitivity; (4) oral ulcers; (5) non-erosive arthritis; (6) pleurisy or pericarditis; (7) proteinuria (>0.5 g/d) or urocyte tubularity; (8) seizures or psychosis, except for drugs or known metabolic disorders; (9) hemolytic anemia or leukopenia, or lymphopenia, or thrombocytopenia; (10) positive anti-dsDNA antibodies, or positive anti-Sm antibodies, or positive antiphospholipid antibodies (including the presence of one of each of anti-cardiolipin antibodies, or lupus anticoagulant, or false positive syphilis serologic test lasting at least 6 months); and (11) anti-nuclear antibodies. Abnormal titers of antinuclear antibodies at any time and at the end of drug-induced “drug lupus”. The diagnosis of SLE can be made when 4 or more of the 11 items in this classification are met, excluding infections, tumors and other connective tissue diseases.