A. What is lumbar disc herniation Lumbar disc herniation, also known as herniated or prolapsed nucleus pulposus or lumbar disc fibrous ring rupture disease, lumbar disc herniation is a series of symptoms caused by the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the lumbar intervertebral disc and compression of its surrounding nerve tissue, mainly due to various reasons, so that the fibrous ring of the intervertebral disc rupture, the nucleus pulposus tissue protrudes (or prolapses) from the place of rupture in the posterior or spinal canal, resulting in the adjacent tissue The nucleus pulposus protrudes (or prolapses) from the rupture site into the posterior or spinal canal, causing adjacent tissues, such as nerve roots and spinal cord, to be compressed, resulting in low back pain, usually accompanied by pain and numbness in one or both lower limbs. A series of clinical symptoms such as control and incomplete paralysis of both lower limbs. According to the direction of the herniated nucleus pulposus, it can be divided into: 1. unilateral type lumbar disc herniation, which generally produces only one side of the lower extremity symptoms. 2. 3. Central type lumbar disc herniation, which can compress the cauda equina nerve, manifesting as perineal palsy and symptoms of urinary and fecal disorders. According to the degree of herniated nucleus pulposus, there is no compression on peripheral nerves. 2.Protrusion, the fiber ring is not ruptured, but there is pressure on the nerve root or hard. 3, prolapse, the fibrous ring rupture, the nucleus pulposus prolapse in the spinal canal, nerve roots and dura are compressed. Most patients with lumbar disc herniation can be correctly diagnosed based on clinical symptoms or signs. X-rays, although they cannot be used as a basis for diagnosing lumbar disc herniation, can be used to exclude some disorders. 2, CT and MRI (the main method to confirm the diagnosis). Treatment of lumbar disc herniation 1.Physical therapy: short wave, ultra-short wave therapy, current therapy, etc.: In order to improve the blood circulation of the affected part, eliminate the possible inflammatory reactions such as exudation and edema, and reduce the pain caused by the compression or stimulation of nerve roots 2.Closure therapy 3.Traction therapy: It plays the role of fixation and braking of the lumbar part, relaxes the muscles of the lumbar back, restores the normal line of the lumbar spine, and improves the relationship between the herniation and the nerve. The relationship between the nerve and the protrusion is improved. 4.Interventional treatment 5.Surgical treatment: Generally, if the effect of the above conservative treatment is not obvious and seriously affects daily life, surgical treatment is required. However, there are many different types of surgery, and the surgical methods adopted are different according to different ages, occupations, and affordability.