Prevention and control measures of hypertensive kidney damage emphasize active removal of various risk factors, early prevention and monitoring of kidney damage in hypertensive patients, adequate and effective control of blood pressure and protection of target organ function. 1.Avoid low birth weight of infants It is important to strengthen the education of couples on eugenics and avoid low birth weight of infants for the prevention and treatment of hypertensive kidney damage. It was found that the gestational week, number of fetuses, late pregnancy abnormalities, number of obstetric examinations and other factors are related to the occurrence of low birth weight in infants. In daily life, pregnant women should have balanced nutrition to ensure the nutritional supply of the fetus, change bad habits, avoid drug abuse, actively conduct prenatal checkups and promptly deal with complications during pregnancy. Try to prolong the time of fetal growth and development in utero to reduce the incidence of low birth weight babies. 2. Actively control reversible risk factors (1) Balanced diet, salt restriction and potassium supplementation Sodium intake should be controlled at 75-100 mmol per day (equivalent to 5-6 g of salt), potassium intake should be increased to 90 mmol per day (mainly obtained from fruits), and sodium/potassium ratio should be reduced. A diet low in cholesterol, low in saturated fatty acids, moderate in protein and high in fiber should be promoted. (2) Weight loss and weight control Overweight is an independent factor in the occurrence of hypertension, and weight reduction itself can lower blood pressure and reduce the dose of antihypertensive drugs. Regular and moderate exercise can prevent and control hypertension. (3) Quit smoking and limit alcohol Must completely quit smoking and limit alcohol intake to 30ml of ethanol per day (equivalent to 720ml of beer, 300ml of wine or 60ml of whiskey). This can delay the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis by reducing oxidative stress and endothelial cell damage, and also facilitate the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs and the control of blood pressure. (4) Correct bad psychological behavior Improve sleep, correct negative emotions, reduce mental stress, etc. These factors are beneficial to the prevention and control of blood pressure. 3, individualized treatment, comprehensive consideration of multiple risk factors Modern medicine believes that the treatment of hypertension should be individualized therapy (individualizedtherapy), which emphasizes the selection of different treatment methods for different specific conditions of hypertensive patients. Adequate and effective control of blood pressure to stabilize it within the target range is the core of treatment. In addition to controlling blood pressure within the normal range, it is also important to reduce complications, ensure blood supply to vital organs, prevent and reverse target-organ damage (TOD) caused by hypertension, and follow “evidence-based medicine” (EBM). The ultimate goal is to improve the quality of life (QOL) and survival rate. For proteinuria >1.0g/d, blood pressure should be controlled below 125/75mmHg.