Cough and shortness of breath may be related to bronchial asthma, COPD, acute cardiac insufficiency, etc. Medication may be considered. 1. Bronchial asthma: when the bronchial mucosa is stimulated by allergens, resulting in airway hyperresponsiveness occurs, and bronchial mucosal constriction occurs leading to coughing and shortness of breath. Bronchodilators can be used for relief, such as albuterol, terbutaline sulfate tablets and other drugs. Respiratory failure also requires the use of ventilator-assisted ventilation to improve the patient’s hypoxia. 2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): acute exacerbation of COPD may be caused by seasonal changes, bacterial infections and viral infections, resulting in coughing and shortness of breath. During acute exacerbation, special attention should be paid to oxygen therapy. Commonly used drugs include ipratropium bromide and salbutamol, and drugs such as budesonide nasal spray or methylprednisolone tablets can also be used to improve the symptoms. 3. Acute cardiac insufficiency: decreased contractile function of the left ventricle and cardiac insufficiency can cause congestion and edema of the alveolar or bronchial mucosa, resulting in nocturnal paroxysmal cough and dyspnea. Furosemide and other diuretics can be used to reduce the cardiac load, while giving digoxin, nitroglycerin and other drugs to strengthen the heart as well as vasodilating comprehensive treatment, but also actively treat primary diseases. The above medicines are for reference only, and the specific dosage should follow the doctor’s instructions. When coughing and shortness of breath occur, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time, follow the doctor’s instructions for further examination, clarify the cause with the help of the doctor, and carry out targeted treatment or therapy.