Although tuberculosis is no longer a fatal disease, once a child has it, the health risks are great. Children with tuberculosis often have prolonged low-grade fever, cough, poor appetite, lethargy, night sweats, fatigue, etc. Severely ill children can develop severe toxic symptoms. If not treated early, tuberculous meningitis can leave sequelae such as limb paralysis, mental and behavioral abnormalities, and mental retardation. Therefore, prevention is very important. In summary, the prevention of tuberculosis should take comprehensive measures: 1, BCG vaccination on time. Practice has proved that the prevalence of tuberculosis and mortality rate of children vaccinated with BCG is greatly reduced, even though a few people still contracted tuberculosis after vaccination due to contact with patients suffering from tuberculosis, but the disease is significantly reduced. 2. Regular physical examination. If patients are found, they should be managed and treated accordingly. Those with positive sputum tuberculosis bacilli excretion should be treated in isolation. 3.Milk should be strictly sterilized before consumption. 4.Strengthen physical exercise and supply rich nutritious food. The targets of drug prevention of tuberculosis are: 1, infants and children who have not been vaccinated with BCG but have a positive tuberculin test (OT test), indicating that they already have tuberculosis bacteria in their bodies. 2.Children whose OT test has recently changed from negative to positive. Two months after BCG vaccination, the infant’s body has developed resistance to the tuberculosis bacillus and the OT test shows a positive reaction. If the OT test is negative, it means that the BCG vaccination was not successful and must be revaccinated; children with a positive OT test will gradually lose resistance over time, so the OT test must be done again every 3-6 years, and if negative, the BCG vaccination must be repeated. If the OT test is negative and the child turns positive without BCG vaccination, it means that the child is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 3. A pediatric patient with a strong positive OT test. 4.Patients who have normal lung X-ray but have early symptoms of tuberculosis toxicity and a positive OT test. 5, OT test positive pediatric patients with measles or whooping cough. 6.Pediatric patients exposed to open lung nodules parents or other family members. The commonly used clinical prophylactic drug is isoniazid at a daily dose of 10 mg per kg of body weight, taken in one dose for six months. In addition to medication, children need regular chest X-rays.