The skull is very hard, but the skull is not unbreakable, and some unexpected problems can occur that can lead to skull defects. Cranial defects are bound to cause a series of damage to health, as well as damage to appearance and psychological stress to patients. Therefore, it is important to have skull repair surgery in time when skull defect occurs. The problems that may occur after cranial bone repair surgery mainly refer to the complications arising from the material. In the past, the more common ones were bone cement, plexiglass, etc. However, these materials may produce some problems after surgery and are generally no longer used. Nowadays, many doctors use titanium materials, which have certain progress and advantages compared with traditional materials, but there are still some unavoidable defects. For example, postoperative infections, rejection reactions, abrasion of the scalp, impact on CT magnetic resonance examinations, patient sensitivity and discomfort to the external hot and cold environment, and even the phenomenon of material exposure. Because of these, titanium materials are no longer recommended for use. The current medical recommendation is a new type of material, namely peek material. The peek material has high tissue compatibility, and there is no need to worry about adverse reactions after surgery, which really makes up for the disadvantages of various traditional materials and achieves remarkable surgical results. In addition, if the plastic surgery concept is incorporated in this surgery, the results will be more beautiful.