Hypertension is the world’s oldest, most prevalent and most harmful cardiovascular disease. According to the World Health Organization, about one-third of the global population suffers from hypertension. China is a major hypertensive country, the total number of people suffering from hypertension has reached more than 200 million, the prevalence of hypertension in adults is 20%, and the rate of new incidence is increasing by 3.5 million every year. Increased blood pressure can cause heart, brain, kidney and other important organ lesions, is the main risk factors for stroke, coronary heart disease, heart and kidney failure. The resulting disability and death have been high in the cardiovascular diseases. Overweight and obesity is one of the major causes of elevated blood pressure. Epidemiological surveys show that the rate of obese people suffering from hypertension has exceeded 50%. Studies have shown that body fat content is significantly associated with blood pressure levels. For every 3 kg/m2 increase in body mass index in the population, the risk of developing hypertension within 4 years increases by 50% in men and 57% in women. A pooled analysis of the follow-up data of 240,000 adults in China showed that the risk of hypertension in people with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 was 3 to 4 times higher than in those with normal weight. There is also a relationship between the distribution of body fat and the occurrence of hypertension. Central obesity, typified by the accumulation of abdominal fat, further increases the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases such as hypertension. The more abdominal fat accumulation, the higher the blood pressure level. A waist circumference of ≥90 cm in men or ≥85 cm in women is more than four times the risk of hypertension than those with a normal waist circumference. Therefore, trying to lose weight becomes an important measure to lower blood pressure. But in fact, the effect of what we usually call diet and exercise and other means of weight reduction is very limited. Currently, weight loss surgery has become a fast, effective and long-lasting way to reduce body weight. Obesity is often associated with hypertension, but also with type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, sleep apnea and other diseases. These co-morbidities are called metabolic syndrome. In the early years, it was found that the type 2 diabetes accompanying obese patients could be cured after weight loss surgery. Especially in recent years, it has been recognized that surgery can cure type 2 diabetes. Can hypertension be improved or cured after bariatric surgery? It has been proven that bariatric surgery can also cure hypertension. In our recently completed bariatric surgery, there were 8 cases with hypertension. All of these patients normalized their blood pressure after bariatric surgery, 7 no longer required medication, and 1 had a reduced dose of antihypertensive medication. And all of them returned to normal blood pressure about 1 week after surgery. This is the same as the result of obesity with diabetes mellitus, in which the blood glucose dropped to normal at the early stage after the surgery, before the weight loss was much. Therefore, the cure or improvement of hypertension after bariatric surgery involves many reasons that are not well understood by modern science and technology. The main forms of bariatric surgery currently performed are laparoscopic gastric diversion and gastric sleeve resection. According to the literature, the cure rate of primary hypertension after bariatric surgery is 61.7%, and the sum of the cure rate and improvement rate is 78.5%. Laparoscopic gastric sleeve resection is similar, i.e., the sum of cure rate and cure+improvement rate are 58% and 75%, respectively. Bariatric surgery can both reduce weight in obese patients and cure hypertension, making it an effective treatment for hypertension. There is a lack of large case reports on which hypertensive patients are effectively treated with weight loss surgery. Currently, we believe that hypertensive patients suitable for surgical treatment should first have some degree of obesity. In young patients, hypertension is closely related to endocrine disorders, and surgical treatment should have better results. In contrast, in elderly patients, the blood vessels are already sclerotic and stenotic changes, and hypertension may not necessarily improve after weight loss surgery. Of course, secondary hypertension caused by special tumors of the kidney, etc., is certainly not suitable for surgical treatment.