Glomerular wall cells are not podocytes; glomerular dirty layer cells are podocytes. Podocytes are attached to the outer side of the glomerular basement membrane, and together with the vascular endothelial cells and glomerular basement membrane, they form the glomerular blood filtration barrier, which prevents the leakage of proteins and certain beneficial substances, and also allows the toxins to be excreted from the body. When the podocytes have abnormalities, diseases such as microscopic lesion-type lesions, and membranous nephropathy will occur. The glomerular mural epithelial cells are monolayer cells. In pathological conditions, proliferation of the mural epithelial cells increases the number of cells to form crescents, which is mostly seen in acute glomerulonephritis, and the typical pathological feature of patients with acute glomerulonephritis is the formation of extensive crescents. For more information on the anatomy and physiology of the kidney, we recommend consulting a specialized textbook.