“Doctor, these two children have been married for several years, why can’t they get pregnant? They have been examined in many large and small hospitals, but no problems have been detected.” On Monday morning, in the bustling waiting room, an old mother in her fifties was talking to Prof. Xiong Chengliang of our hospital and took out a thick pile of checklists. Originally, the mother’s son Mr. Li is more than 20 years old this year, married for nearly 4 years but has not been a child, at first the family thought that the young couple is still young, the child will always come when it is time to come, but the left and right hope for no results, so the couple had no choice but to start a long road to seek a child. However, years of seeking medical treatment in addition to physical and mental anxiety, the couple had nothing to gain, “is it any difficult disease?” So through the introduction of friends, together to our hospital for treatment. And at this time, the woman has done a comprehensive and detailed examination, the gynecologist currently ruled out the female problem. Professor Xiong after a detailed consultation, carefully flipped through Mr. Li’s checklist, found that Mr. Li in recent years, back and forth only checked the semen routine analysis, recommended that Mr. Li further do the examination to see the situation. “How to do further tests, you look at the semen analysis report card, sperm vitality how high, the number is also a lot of results are normal ah!” The patient jumped straight to his feet at the professor’s judgment and looked anxious. The professor patiently explained: just normal routine semen analysis does not mean that your fertility is normal, there are a number of more in-depth tests on male sperm such as sperm pasteurization staining, sperm DNA integrity test, and so on, in order to see the fertility status of men. After listening to the professor’s words, the man, though with doubts, did the following tests: 1. Sperm Pap smear Mainly to check the malformation of sperms. The percentage of normal form of sperms should be ≥4% in normal people. When the percentage of malformed sperms is >96%, it can cause fertility disorders and even lead to the cessation of development of female embryo or spontaneous abortion. 2, semen microbiological examination, including semen mycoplasma, chlamydia, common bacteria and other tests. Microbial infections of male reproductive system can damage reproductive organs and affect spermatogenesis, maturation and transportation, thus leading to decreased semen quality and male infertility, especially the relationship between Mycoplasma infection and infertility is becoming more and more important. 3, sperm acrosomal enzyme activity and the detection of induced sperm acrosome reaction Sperm acrosomal enzyme exists in the sperm acrosomal endomembrane and equatorial endomembrane, and usually exists in an inactive form, and acrosomal zymogen is activated as acrosomal enzyme only when the head of the spermatozoa enters into the zona pellucida of the egg. The acrosome reaction refers to a number of changes in the spermatozoa when they are energized and meet the egg. It generally occurs after the sperm binds to the zona pellucida of the oocyte and before the sperm penetrates the oocyte membrane and fertilizes the oocyte, and is one of the necessary parts of the natural fertilization of the oocyte. Therefore, even if the sperms are more energetic and numerous, if the sperms do not have enough acrosomal enzyme activity or acrosomal reaction, it is still not possible to fertilize the woman naturally. 4. Sperm DNA integrity test Sperm DNA integrity test is a new indicator of male fertility and is one of the most common factors affecting male fertility, which is affected by multiple factors such as heredity, environment and living habits, and is closely related to male infertility and recurrent miscarriage of the spouse. The assessment of male fertility and the selection of assisted reproductive technology are of great clinical significance. It has been found that the degree of DNA damage in infertile patients is significantly higher than that in normal fertile individuals. A 30% higher sperm DNA integrity affects their fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate, and may affect embryonic development leading to cessation of embryonic development. The final test results showed that Mr. Li had a high rate of sperm malformation and a high rate of sperm DNA fragmentation, which is one of the important factors leading to male infertility. Finding the cause of the disease is the only way to prescribe the right medicine, so Mr. Li began the treatment journey, waiting for the “good pregnancy” to come soon.