The cranium refers to the skull and the brain parenchyma, which mainly includes the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and brainstem. The cerebral hemispheres are generally divided by the longitudinal fissure of the brain, and are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides, and the two sides of the cerebral hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum. The cerebral hemispheres include the cerebral cortex, the white matter, the basal ganglia, and the lateral ventricles. The cerebellum includes the cerebellar tonsils, the cerebellar peduncles, and the cerebellar horns, etc. The cerebellum is generally located in the posterior cranial fossa, and connects with the pontine and the dorsal medulla oblongata below the cerebellar peduncle. The brainstem includes the pontine, brainstem, and medulla oblongata, and symptoms vary depending on the location of the lesion. In the case of cerebellar brainstem lesions, the main symptoms are dizziness, disturbances in balance and ataxia. In the case of cerebral lesions, the symptoms usually include sensory and motor dysfunction of the lateral limbs, speech dysfunction or hemianopsia.