Pancreatic cystic adenocarcinoma refers to cystic solid malignant tumors in the pancreas, and the corresponding tumors have a low degree of malignancy, which are mainly manifested as cystic lesions with thick walls as well as wall nodules. Pancreatic cystic adenocarcinoma is a low-grade malignant tumor, which is clinically rare and accounts for about 1% of pancreatic malignant tumors. Its pathogenesis is unclear and may be related to familial genetic factors, smoking, and chronic inflammation. Patients may manifest obvious abdominal pain, low back pain, abdominal mass and indigestion and other symptoms; clinically, the main diagnosis is made by ultrasound, CT, MRI and other examinations, and after discovery, treatment is carried out under the guidance of clinicians, and surgical resection is the preferred treatment. If pancreatic cystic adenocarcinoma is suspected or diagnosed, it is recommended to go to regular hospitals for comprehensive assessment of the condition and follow the doctor’s instructions to avoid delaying the condition.