Asymptomatic infection is a carrier state of the pathogen in infectious diseases and is relatively mild compared to diagnosed patients. Asymptomatically infected persons are those who carry the virus but have not yet developed symptoms. Patients are infected with pathogenic microorganisms that do not cause clinical morbidity. Asymptomatically infected patients with novel coronavirus, for example, have a positive pathogenicity test for the new coronavirus, have no relevant clinical manifestations, such as fever, dry cough, malaise, and other self-perceived or clinically recognizable symptoms and signs, and have no imaging features of new coronavirus pneumonia on CT imaging. Because asymptomatic infection is a sign that the body’s defenses are in a holding pattern with pathogens, and can carry and exclude pathogens, asymptomatic infected persons are an important source of infection for infectious disease epidemics. However, the health risk of asymptomatic infection is relatively low compared to that of confirmed patients. Determination of asymptomatic infected persons also requires active treatment. Currently, the main treatment for asymptomatic patients with C.neoformans is isolation and observation, such as hospitalization or point-of-care isolation if needed. Confirmed patients need bed rest, intensive supportive therapy, medication and so on. [Note: In this article, the terms “neocoronavirus pneumonia” and “new coronavirus pneumonia” were renamed to “new coronavirus infection” on December 26, 2022, as announced by the National Health Commission.