The previous perception was that diabetes was a lifelong disease that could not be cured, but as medicine has evolved, in recent years the global medical community has proposed that diabetes is an intestinal disease that can be alleviated by surgery. As medicine has evolved and the level of surgery has advanced, the medical community has now begun to propose that diabetes is actually an intestinal disease, which points to a direction of treatment for diabetic patients. In 2014, China’s first “Guidelines for Surgical Treatment of Bariatric and Type 2 Diabetes” was promulgated, clarifying the medical status of surgical treatment of type 2 diabetes. 2016 saw the introduction of the Joint Global Diabetes Guidelines, in which bariatric surgery for type 2 diabetes was included for the first time in the Global Congress of Physicians as a common global guideline, breaking the professional barrier of diabetes being an internal disease from then on, and patients who are eligible for surgical indications should be actively recommended for Bariatric surgery should be actively recommended for patients who meet the indications for surgery. So what is the principle of bariatric surgery for diabetes mellitus? Take gastric bypass surgery as an example, it is to change the structure of the intestinal tract, displacing most of the gastric functions, reducing the space of the stomach and the length of the small intestine, thus greatly controlling food intake and absorption, changing endocrine secretion, and thus improving and restoring the function of pancreatic islet cells. After the surgery, the blood sugar of diabetes gradually stabilizes and returns to normal value, and the incidence of chronic complications of diabetes significantly decreases. Bariatric surgery for type 2 diabetes is the second major medical innovation in the treatment of diabetes since the discovery of insulin, and is a new hope for the majority of type 2 diabetes patients. After surgery, obese diabetic patients gradually lose weight, thus reducing insulin resistance caused by fat accumulation, and at the same time changing intestinal flora, which reduces blood sugar and blocks the occurrence of complications. At present, more and more sugar patients in China are accepting bariatric surgery to treat type 2 diabetes, and the effect of bariatric surgery has brought health benefits to tens of thousands of type 2 diabetes patients.