Hospitalization is recommended when one of the following criteria is met, especially when two or more conditions coexist: 1. age ≥ 65 years. 2. presence of chronic underlying disease. 3. presence of one of the following abnormal signs: ① respiratory rate ≥ 30 breaths/min; ② pulse ≥ 120 breaths/min; ③ arterial systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg; ④ body temperature ≥ 40 ℃ or < 35 ℃; ⑤ impaired consciousness. 4. The presence of one of the following laboratory and imaging abnormalities: ① blood leukocytes > 20 × 109 / L or < 4 × 109 / L; ② PaO2 < 60 mmHg or PaCO2 > 50 mm Hg when breathing air; ③ elevated blood creatinine (SCr) or blood urea nitrogen (BUN); ④ hemoglobin < 90 g / L; ⑤ plasma albumin < 25 g / L (6) Evidence of sepsis or diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIC); (7) X-ray chest radiograph showing lesions involving more than one lobe, cavities, rapid spread of lesions, or pleural effusion. Zhang Shaofu, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Qianfo Mountain Hospital