Cockayne’s syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with a variety of symptoms, including physical abnormalities, optic nerve atrophy, and deafness. Most of the affected children develop the disease after the age of two. They are usually physically stunted, appearing significantly shorter in stature, with a small head but relatively large hands and feet and long limbs, and begin to decline in size as the disease progresses. In addition to abnormal physical signs, other organs of the body will also begin to gradually wither, for example, the optic nerve begins to wither, and progressive retinitis pigmentosa occurs, unable to see things clearly, or even loss of vision. In addition, the nervous system and cerebrovascular system begin to decline and cause a series of symptoms, such as deafness, mental retardation, and mental abnormalities. Cockayne’s syndrome needs to be diagnosed through a variety of tests and cannot be diagnosed on the basis of symptoms. It is recommended that patients with symptoms should seek medical attention to identify the cause of the disease and to have it treated accordingly.