A month ago, Ms. Zhang, who is in her 40s, suddenly developed headache and fever symptoms, which were not detected in the local hospital, and then became unconscious a week ago. Since there was pus coming out of his ear, the brain doctor asked Dr. Zhao Haiyuan, deputy chief physician of the ENT department of the hospital, to come and help clean it up. Director Zhao Haiyuan rushed over with an otoscope and saw that the patient had various tubes inserted into his body. After examining the patient, he found a large amount of pus in the patient’s left ear with a foul odor, which alerted him to the possibility that the patient had complications from otitis media. He asked for the patient’s CT film and found that the patient had an abscess in the left temporal lobe of the brain, a midline shift, inflammation of the middle ear mastoid, and bone destruction. He also asked the patient’s family and was informed that Ms. Zhang had been suffering from pus in her left ear for 18 years, with sporadic improvement. Based on these circumstances, he concluded that Ms. Zhang was suffering from chronic suppurative otitis media combined with intracranial infection resulting in brain abscess, which is a more serious complication of cholesteatoma-type otitis media and must be operated immediately. In this regard, Ms. Zhang’s family was puzzled, saying that a small otitis media could be so powerful. Director Zhao Haiyuan explained that, in fact, chronic suppurative otitis media is one of the common diseases in otolaryngology, with a high incidence, and is generally divided into simple, osteoid and cholesteatoma types. Complications of otitis media are many and complex, ranging from perforation of the eardrum and pus flowing from the ear in mild cases to complications caused by the destruction of bone in severe cases. Some common complications include hearing loss due to damage to the auditory bone, which can cause inconvenience in life and work; facial paralysis due to damage to the facial nerve canal; or vertigo due to vaginitis caused by damage to the semicircular canal; or even life-threatening complications. Since the middle ear is located close to the skull and is separated from the skull only by the bone plate, inflammation can easily break through the bone plate and enter the brain, leading to life-threatening complications such as temporal lobe abscess and cerebellar abscess. Ms. Zhang had a temporal lobe abscess caused by a cholesteatoma that destroyed the bone at the base of the skull and allowed inflammation to enter the skull. He pointed out that chronic suppurative otitis media can mostly be controlled by conservative medication in the early stages, and tympanic membrane perforations can heal on their own. If the perforation does not heal on its own, the tympanic membrane can be surgically repaired to prevent reinfection. If there is damage to the auditory bone, tympanoplasty is required. This surgery can not only completely remove the lesion and obtain a radical cure, but also repair the eardrum and rebuild the auditory bone chain to improve hearing. For patients with intracranial complications, early surgery is necessary to remove the lesion and save the patient’s life. Through the detailed explanation of Director Zhao Haiyuan, Ms. Zhang’s family gladly accepted the surgery. During the surgery, Director Zhao extracted more than 10 ml of pus from Ms. Zhang’s brain through the bone destruction and placed drainage. Ms. Zhang woke up a week later, and she was able to get out of bed two weeks later. She smiled happily when Director Zhao Haiyuan told her that she could also undergo tympanoplasty to restore her hearing six months later. Director Zhao Haiyuan said that many people do not pay attention to otitis media, but in fact, small problems can cause big troubles. Therefore, prevention of otitis media is also very important. Many infants suffer from otitis media because the mother’s breastfeeding is incorrect, causing the baby to choke on the milk, which passes through the eustachian tube and thus causes otitis media. Therefore, he recommends that mothers should breastfeed their babies vertically to avoid choking. The best way to prevent otitis media in children is to build up resistance, stay away from pathogens and avoid colds. The most common cause of otitis media in adults is water in the ears while swimming, as well as incorrect nose blowing, smoking, and listening to loud decibel music with headphones for a long time. “I believe that if people do early prevention and early treatment, otitis media will definitely stay away from you.” Director Zhao concluded.