The treatment of male anterior urethral strictures varies according to the severity of the stricture, and the following treatment methods are used in order: 1. Simple urethral dilation: only for strictures caused by superficial scarring or folds of the urethral mucosa, and it is generally desirable that the dilation does not cause bleeding; 2. Endourethrotomy: limited to patients with mucosal fold-like strictures and very superficial spongiotic fibrosis or strictures shorter than 1 cm; 3. Urethral repair and reconstruction: (1) stenosis segment excision + end-to-end urethral anastomosis for non-penile anterior urethra of short length (1-2 cm); (2) reconstruction of urethra with tipped flap graft and free mucosa for patients with long urethral strictures (>3 cm) and complex anterior urethral strictures.