A lumbar sprain alone does not usually cause pyriformis syndrome, which is associated with acute and chronic injury to the pyriformis muscle, and variations in anatomical location. However, if a low back sprain is accompanied by a sprain of the hip, it may cause pyriformis syndrome. Piriformis syndrome is a common cause of sciatica. Hip trauma can cause injury to the piriformis muscle, resulting in congestion, adhesions, scarring, etc., which can compress the sciatic nerve and cause hip pain and radiating pain in the lower extremities. Chronic strain will cause compensatory hypertrophy of the pyriformis muscle, also compressing the sciatic nerve. Cold, cold or rapid movement across the buttocks can cause the pyriformis muscle to contract and spasm, resulting in compression of the sciatic nerve. In addition, the anatomical position of the pyriformis muscle and the sciatic nerve varies, making it susceptible to traumatic or inflammatory stimuli that can induce sciatica. In addition, if a lumbar sprain is accompanied by a hip sprain, pyriformis syndrome may also occur. Therefore, when symptoms related to pyriformis syndrome appear, you should consult a doctor in time, improve the examination to clarify the cause of the disease, and follow the doctor’s instructions to carry out standardized treatment, so as to avoid delaying the condition.