In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer in women has been increasing at the fastest rate in our cancer spectrum. The current average thyroid cancer incidence rate in China, including the female thyroid cancer incidence rate, is 8.28/100,000. Thyroid cancer has taken the 2nd-6th place of all malignant tumors in women in major cities in China. Due to the lack of overall incidence statistics, we can refer to the American Cancer Society’s annual cancer statistics: in the United States, the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer has increased significantly over the past 30 years, with approximately 500,000 thyroid cancer patients surviving with tumors in the United States in 2011 and an estimated The overall 5-year survival rate is 97.8%, and thanks to improved diagnostic techniques, 70% of patients can be diagnosed at an early stage. It can be said that thyroid cancer is one of the best malignant tumors for human prognosis. Papillary thyroid cancer accounts for 85-90% of thyroid cancer and is the most common type of pathology treated by clinicians. Causes of papillary thyroid cancer The occurrence of papillary thyroid cancer can be influenced by hormonal, genetic and environmental factors such as radioactivity (confirmed), obesity, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, low iodine, high iodine (iodine should be consumed scientifically. Excessive iodine intake may lead to the development of papillary thyroid cancer, while iodine deficiency can lead to the development of follicular thyroid cancer). Diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer With the development of color ultrasound technology and the accumulation of experience of color ultrasound doctors, more and more early thyroid cancers have been detected. Our hospital has diagnosed 2mm microscopic thyroid cancer, so many units now include thyroid or neck ultrasound in the routine physical examination of employees. The routine checkups for thyroid cancer include: color ultrasound, needle aspiration biopsy, laryngoscopy and CT examination if necessary. 1.Color ultrasound: A good ultrasound doctor can diagnose thyroid cancer more than 95-98% of the time. The main criteria are: whether the boundary is clear, whether the shape is regular, whether the blood flow signal is rich, whether there is calcification or even sand-like calcification, the shape of paratracheal lymph nodes and lymph nodes in the neck, whether there is calcification, etc. So many evaluation indicators often allow ultrasound doctors and clinicians to have a very good diagnostic basis. 2. Needle aspiration biopsy: At present, needle aspiration biopsy is the best method to diagnose papillary thyroid cancer. Although false positive results may occur in color ultrasound, it is almost impossible to have false positive results in needle aspiration biopsy, and it is better to puncture under the guidance of color ultrasound if necessary. Some patients are concerned that needle aspiration biopsy may cause tumor implantation leading to recurrence. This is theoretically possible, but we have not encountered similar cases in clinical practice, so let’s call it a small probability event. This test has been listed as the best evidence for thyroid cancer diagnosis in the NCCN guidelines. 3.CT: For large masses that may cause tumor invasion of the surrounding trachea, esophagus, nerves, etc., we need to do a CT in order to evaluate the surgical risk and surgical plan, but this is not a routine test. 4.Laryngoscopy: to understand whether the vocal fold activity is normal or not, to judge the involvement of the laryngeal nerve, which is a necessary examination. Papillary thyroid cancer treatment 1.Surgical treatment Thorough surgical resection is the most basic and the most effective treatment method for papillary thyroid cancer. According to the condition of thyroid cancer, one side of the thyroid lobe plus isthmus or the whole thyroid gland should be resected, and according to the condition of cervical lymph node metastasis, the central area lymph node dissection or cervical lymph node dissection should be selected. We do not recommend enucleation of the thyroid tumor or subtotal thyroidectomy. The experience of our hospital is that for patients in the low-risk group below 1 cm, one side lobectomy + isthmus + central lymph node dissection can be considered; for patients above 1.5 cm or below 1 cm but in the high-risk group, total thyroidectomy + central lymph node dissection is best, and the scope of resection between 1-1.5 cm is considered in a comprehensive assessment. Lateral cervical lymphatic dissection is evaluated according to the condition of the lymph nodes in the neck before considering whether to operate. The greatest risk of surgery is postoperative hoarseness due to damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and postoperative numbness and twitching of the hands and feet due to hypoparathyroidism. The use of Medtronic’s recurrent laryngeal nerve detector has greatly reduced the risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, while the parathyroid glands can only be properly preserved by the surgeon’s experience and surgical skills. Once all of them are removed, the patient will suffer for the rest of his life. 2.Thyroid hormone therapy Thyroid hormone therapy can inhibit the body from producing serum thyrotropin, which can promote the growth of thyroid cancer cells. Therefore, thyroid hormone therapy can remove the environment that promotes the growth of thyroid cancer cells and achieve the purpose of treatment. The standardized TSH suppression therapy after surgery is very important, which is something that many doctors in primary hospitals tend to overlook, as the absence of standardized TSH suppression therapy often leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis or even loss of the opportunity to treat again. 3.Isotope therapy Advanced cases with lung or bone metastases and some high-risk cases should be treated with I 131. Total thyroidectomy must be performed before isotope treatment. 4.Radiotherapy Since papillary thyroid cancer is not sensitive to radiotherapy, it is generally not considered to be used.