Cerebral infarction and cerebral thrombosis are actually one concept, but different terms for the same disease. Clinically, cerebral thrombosis and cerebral embolism are common. The former is caused by the narrowing of arteries and the gradual formation of blood clots in the lumen that eventually block the arteries. The latter is caused by the blockage of an artery by an abnormal substance in the blood flow called an embolus, such as an embolus shed by a thrombus in the lumen of the heart in some heart diseases. Both result in blockage of blood vessels and loss of blood flow, resulting in necrosis of brain cells and corresponding symptoms, causing the same result, which is difficult to distinguish clinically. Although the consequences are the same, there are some differences in treatment and prevention. For example, cerebral thrombosis, or cerebral infarction due to atherosclerosis of large arteries can be treated with thrombolysis in the ultra early stage, while cardiogenic embolism requires the implementation of an anticoagulation program, therefore, it is still necessary to distinguish cerebral infarction from cerebral embolism and to clarify the source of the thrombus. Currently, with the continuous advancement of imaging technology, the technology of endovascular treatment is also maturing, providing more effective options for the treatment of cerebral infarction. However, brain cells are still fragile and have very poor resistance to ischemia. It can be said that time is brain cells, and it is hard to find lesions and seek medical treatment early. Therefore, although the consequences of cerebral infarction and cerebral thrombosis are the same, there are still differences in treatment and prevention, and appropriate treatment plans should be taken according to different conditions to save brain tissue as much as possible.