Interventional radiology belongs to the category of minimally invasive medicine and was developed in the early 1970s based on the Seldinger technique. It is defined as the use of percutaneous puncture and catheterization techniques, based on diagnostic imaging and guided by imaging equipment, for the non-surgical treatment of diseases or for the acquisition of histological, bacteriological, physiological and biochemical materials to clarify the nature of the lesion. Interventional radiology is mainly guided by X-ray fluoroscopy, ultrasound, CT and MRI, and can be divided into X-ray, ultrasound and CT interventional techniques depending on the guiding device. Because MRI can be three-dimensional imaging and real-time display, it plays an increasingly important role in the drainage of intracranial abscesses, cysts and hematomas, minimally invasive treatment of tumors and puncture biopsy, and forms MRI interventional technology. The techniques of interventional radiology mainly include: ①plasty; ②embolization; ③intra-arterial drug perfusion; ④percutaneous percutaneous puncture decompression of body cavities; ⑤percutaneous needle biopsy; ③ablation and so on. According to the different pathways of interventional therapy, it can be divided into vascular and non-vascular mediator techniques. Vascular interventional technology refers to the therapeutic and diagnostic operations carried out in the vasculature, preoperative embolization of solid benign and malignant tumors or palliative treatment, which can reduce the risk of surgery or prolong the patient’s life; thrombolysis and removal of thrombus, internal organ elimination of function therapy, rheumatic mitral stenosis and coronary stenosis plasty, cardiac electro-ablation, congenital arterial conduit unheard of embolism, atrial septum or ventricular septum The therapeutic effect can be comparable with surgery, and even replace surgical treatment in some aspects. Non-vascular interventional technology refers to the therapeutic and diagnostic operations carried out outside the blood vessels, which is based on percutaneous puncture body cavity decompression and percutaneous needle biopsy, including percutaneous puncture biliary drainage, lithotripsy, cirrhosis of liver and renal cysts and abscess drainage, transoral esophageal and gastrointestinal stenosis dilatation, percutaneous percutaneous nephronephroplasty and ureteroplasty, aspiration and collection of cellular specimens, and so on. In recent years, due to the improvement and innovation of operating instruments, the development of new technologies, especially the emergence of stent (stent) technology, so that the effect of interventional therapy for certain diseases is more certain, and the scope of treatment it involves is still expanding. The development of interventional radiology makes the function of radiology from the past to diagnosis-oriented development to the diagnosis and treatment of a new stage, so that the radiology department has become a real clinical department. With its minimally invasive characteristics and certain therapeutic effects, interventional radiology has become one of the three major therapeutic disciplines alongside internal medicine and surgery.