Lung nodules with cavities are mainly caused by the following reasons, such as tuberculosis, early malignant tumors, lung abscess and so on. 1. Tuberculosis: patients with tuberculosis mostly have symptoms such as low fever, hemoptysis, and fatigue, because tuberculosis is prone to the formation of calcification, cavities, proliferation, and nodules during its development, as well as pleural effusion and pleural thickening, and other polymorphic changes of tuberculosis. 2. Early malignant tumor: if the patient’s lung nodule is more than 3 cm, accompanied by symptoms such as cavity formation, short burr, lobulation and pleural depression sign, and the result of chest CT enhancement examination is irregular change of lung nodule cavity, it is necessary to improve the pathological examination as soon as possible. 3. Lung abscess: coughing thick and foul-smelling sputum, fever and other symptoms, but also may have lung nodules with cavitation performance, usually patients will have dyspnea or hemoptysis symptoms. Lung nodules with cavities may also be other causes, such as fungal infections, vasculitis, etc., should be timely medical treatment, under the guidance of a professional physician to avoid delays in the condition.