Both migraine and vertigo are common. Migraine is a primary headache with clinical manifestations characterized by multiple symptoms of the nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and autonomic nerves, and is a complex neurological disorder.
A large number of otolaryngological symptoms associated with migraine have been reported in the literature, all with vertigo as the main clinical manifestation, and the close association between migraine and vertigo has attracted the attention of a large number of clinicians. Migrainous vertigo (MV) is a disease of vertigo caused by migraine, and it is important to recognize MV for the diagnosis, identification and treatment of vertigo.
1. Lifestyle changes to reduce risk factors for the onset of the disease
Patients are recommended to avoid risk factors according to the following methods.
(1) Reduce stress.
(2) Control emotions and avoid anxiety.
(3) Avoid excessive estrogen, including oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement therapy.
(4) Avoid foods that can trigger the disease.
2. Preventive drug treatment
If MV occurs several times a month, preventive treatment should be taken.
Prophylactic medications include.
(1) β-blockers, whose mechanism of action may be related to their effects of causing peripheral vasoconstriction, reducing cell membrane permeability to ions and anxiolytic effects.
(2) calcium channel blockers.
(3) tricyclic antidepressants: for patients with concomitant depression and anxiety disorders.
(4) Antiepileptic drugs.
(5) Other prophylactic drugs: 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonists.
(6) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
3.Blocking drug therapy
Patients in the acute phase can be treated with blocking medications, mostly 5-HT1 agonists, commonly used tritans, which may play a role in the treatment of migraine and balance disorders by blocking glutamate release.
In addition, vestibular rehabilitation therapy can significantly improve the symptoms of vertigo and balance disorders and is beneficial for all patients.