When it comes to menstrual disorders, I guess if there are 10 girls present, 9 and a half of them have to raise their hands! As if a hidden disease that has plagued them for years, but do you really understand menstruation? Are you really menstrual disorders? We are here to introduce what are the common menstrual disorders and how to properly understand and deal with them, to avoid some unnecessary panic. First of all, we need to know how the normal menstruation is formed and what the performance is. Menstruation is the periodic shedding and bleeding of the endometrium that accompanies each cycle of regular ovulation. Adolescent and near-menopausal women are at high risk of menstrual irregularities because they do not ovulate regularly. The interval between the first day of menstruation is the menstrual cycle, averaging 28 days, 21-35 days is normal, the duration of each menstruation is called menstrual period, averaging 4-6 days, 2-8 days is also normal, the menstrual blood is dark red because it is composed of endometrial fragments, mucus and shed vaginal cells, the normal volume of each menstrual cycle is The normal volume of menstrual flow is 20-60ml per cycle, more than 80ml is excessive menstruation. According to the general measurement, the blood volume of a sanitary napkin is about 20-30ml. What are the conditions of irregular menstruation and how should they be handled? 1, irregular menstrual cycle irregular menstrual cycle is mostly manifested as menstruation is often delayed, a month or even half a year without menstruation, irregular menstrual cycle, or cycle less than half a month again, normal ovulation during puberty has not been established, near menopause ovarian function decreases, ovulation is also irregular, so irregular menstruation is very common, this situation during puberty will improve after ovulation slowly normal, and near menopause The most common cause of this condition is polycystic ovary syndrome, which also requires a combination of drugs, diet, exercise and other comprehensive regulation. 2, too much or too little menstrual flow The regular menstrual cycle, increased menstrual flow or prolonged periods are most often due to uterine fibroids affecting the contraction of the uterus, which may also occur in the case of adenomyosis or, placement of the intrauterine ring, long-term increased menstrual flow, which may lead to anemia, depending on the situation requires drug or even surgical treatment. What about excessive menstrual flow? Low menstrual flow is usually due to a thin endometrium, most commonly occurring after uterine operations such as abortion or curettage, which may be due to incomplete recovery of the endometrium or the occurrence of uterine adhesions. The causes and treatment of thin endometrium other than uterine operations are detailed in previous articles of the public. 3. Intermenstrual bleeding A. Intermenstrual bleeding: If the bleeding occurs about 14 days before the next menstrual period, the bleeding volume is very small and may be accompanied by lower abdominal pain and other discomfort, it is usually ovulatory bleeding. B. Pre- or post-menstrual vaginal bleeding: People often say: I had a little bit of bleeding in the first few days, but later I started to have more, or a little bit of bleeding for several days after my period, which is common due to lesions such as placement of IUD or endometrial polyps or fibroids. As mentioned in the previous article on how to determine if you have normal ovulation, you need to be alert and prevent endometrial malignancy if you do not have a period for a long time, if your period is incomplete for a long time or if you have vaginal bleeding after menopause. It is also important to emphasize that bleeding is not the same as menstruation, so for young and middle-aged women who are sexually active, bleeding does not exclude pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy. What you can do is to adjust your lifestyle and diet, pay attention to rest, don’t stay up late, exercise from time to time, and keep your mind relaxed and not overly stressed.