Hepatitis B has the following aspects in normal results: 1. All five items of hepatitis B are negative, indicating that there is no infection with the hepatitis B virus and no protective antibodies, i.e. surface antibodies. 2. Positive surface antibodies to hepatitis B represent having been vaccinated against hepatitis B in the past and having produced protective antibodies. 3. Positive core antibodies to hepatitis B alone represent having been infected with the hepatitis B virus in the past and having effectively cleared the virus. 4. Positive hepatitis B core antibody, hepatitis B e antibody and hepatitis B e antibody represent a past infection with the hepatitis B virus and the effective clearance of the virus has produced protective antibodies. 5. Positive surface antibody and positive core antibody also represent a past infection with the hepatitis B virus and the production of protective antibodies.