Thyroid disease is the second most common disease in the endocrine field. The reason why thyroid disease is so prevalent: 1. is that the medical level is improving and more and more patients can be diagnosed at an early stage; 2. is because of the increasingly stressful pace of life in modern society and high mental stress; 3. is excessive iodine supplementation. The environment people live in everyday has a close relationship with the occurrence of thyroid disease. The thyroid gland is a very sensitive endocrine organ in the human body. External environmental factors such as air, soil, water and harmful chemicals in food can stimulate the thyroid gland and cause thyroid disease. Therefore, it is important to prevent environmental pollution and stay away from harmful chemicals to prevent thyroid disease. Iodine in the diet has the greatest impact on the thyroid gland, and insufficient or excessive iodine intake can cause thyroid disease. Iodine deficiency is the main cause of goiter. The daily diet of people in highlands and mountainous areas often contains insufficient iodine and should be cooked with iodized salt, while people in coastal areas should control iodine intake. Overexertion will increase the burden on the thyroid gland and reduce the immunity of the body. In the long run, the thyroid gland is in an unstable state and is prone to lesions under the influence of external factors, such as chemical stimulation or germs and viruses. Therefore, combining work and rest and maintaining a healthy lifestyle and work style is also an effective way to prevent thyroid disease. According to Chinese medicine, the occurrence of thyroid disease is closely related to emotional and mental disorders. Maintaining a good state of mind and an optimistic attitude towards life can significantly reduce the occurrence of thyroid disease. Thyroid disease is a “psychosomatic disease” that is closely related to emotions. To overcome thyroid disease and prevent it, it is important to maintain a good state of mind and avoid negative emotional stimuli. Compared to many other chronic diseases, thyroid disease can be treated very well and most people can survive as normal even with thyroid cancer.