Sleep is a state of recurrent inertia and unresponsiveness in which the level of consciousness decreases or disappears during sleep and most physiological activities and reactions go into an inert state. Through sleep, fatigued nerve cells are restored to normal physiological function and mental and physical strength is recovered. The secretion of growth hormone in the anterior pituitary gland is significantly increased during sleep, which is conducive to promoting the growth of the organism and to increasing nucleoprotein synthesis, which facilitates memory storage. Sleep disorders refer to the abnormal quantity of sleep and the abnormal quality of sleep or the occurrence of certain clinical symptoms during sleep, such as reduced sleep or excessive sleep, sleep walking disorder, etc. Various disorders that affect the ability to fall asleep or stay asleep normally also include excessive sleep, or abnormal sleep-related behaviors. Although sleep is essential for our survival, the exact role it plays in maintaining the stability of the body’s internal environment has not been fully elucidated, and there is great individual variation in the need for sleep, with some healthy individuals requiring only 4 hours of sleep per day, while others need 10 hours of sleep.