Swelling of the top of the foot may be caused by physiological factors such as sedentary standing, or it may be caused by trauma, organ insufficiency, lower extremity venous disease and other pathological factors, patients need to consult a doctor in time. 1. Physiological factors: due to sedentary standing or long time walking, it can lead to the slowing down of blood circulation in the veins of the lower limbs and poor reflux, thus causing edema in the feet, which is a physiological phenomenon and can be relieved by elevating the limbs and resting. 2. Trauma: When the patient’s foot is injured by external force, resulting in damage to the ankle joint or soft tissue on the surface of the foot, or even a fracture of the ankle, it will also cause congestion and swelling of the surface of the foot. 3. Organ insufficiency: when the patient suffers from heart failure, renal insufficiency, liver failure and other diseases, it may lead to systemic water and sodium retention, causing the symptoms of lower limb edema. 4. Lower extremity venous diseases: when patients suffer from lower extremity varicose veins, lower extremity venous thrombosis and other venous diseases, it may lead to lower extremity venous reflux obstacles, blood stagnation, causing edema on the surface of the foot. In addition, heavy nutritional deficiencies, insect bite dermatitis, skin infections and other factors may also cause swelling on the surface of the foot, it is recommended that the patient consult a doctor in a timely manner to check the cause of the disease for targeted treatment, pay attention to rest in life, avoid walking for a long time or strenuous activities.