We are all familiar with the diabetes treatment: from diet and exercise to single drug oral, to combined oral, to insulin injection. It is not difficult to find that the condition of diabetes is gradually aggravated during this treatment process, and the effect of this treatment can only stabilize the condition. The pure pursuit of glucose-lowering effect and strict control of glucose-lowering target, while ignoring the problems of hypoglycemia, cardiovascular risk, liver and kidney function in the process of glucose-lowering, so that the benefit brought by glucose-lowering is greatly reduced. In many patients, the damage to the organism is gradually aggravated and the metabolic function is destroyed after years of taking medication. This long-standing traditional diabetes treatment has failed to meet people’s health requirements, and the advent of gastric bypass surgery has broken this awkward situation. Diabetes is ultimately a problem of insulin in the body, and gastric bypass surgery can repair islet cell function, rejuvenate the pancreas, and improve insulin resistance due to excess fat cells. The key to surgical treatment is not the surface blood sugar problem, but the islet cell problem that controls blood sugar. Therefore, by bringing the function of the islet cells in the body back to its maximum, the problem of diabetes will also be solved. The process of gastric bypass surgery improves the body’s sugar metabolism by reconstructing the digestive tract, reducing the body’s absorption of sugar while also altering the secretion of hormones in the entero-islet axis. This is a two-fold effect of losing weight and treating diabetes at the same time. Gastric bypass surgery can restore the effective functioning of the body’s internal organs from point to point to treat diabetes, which is a qualitative difference compared to the traditional use of hypoglycemic drugs to suppress the disease.