With the deepening of minimally invasive concept in various treatment fields, discoscopic minimally invasive treatment of lumbar disc herniation has become a trend in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. 1. Advantages of minimally invasive discoscopic surgery for lumbar disc herniation (1) Small injury: the incision is only 1.5cm, which avoids extensive stripping and violent pulling of the lumbar back muscles and reduces the damage to the stability of the lumbar spine to almost zero. (2) Precision: lateral approach, avoiding interference with the spinal canal and nerves by posterior surgery; no occlusion of the vertebral plate, no destruction of the paravertebral muscles and ligaments, and no effect on spinal stability. (3) High safety: local or epidural anesthesia enables intraoperative interaction with the patient without injury to nerves and blood vessels; basically no bleeding, clear surgical field, and effective avoidance of the risk of misoperation. (4) Fast recovery: discoscopic nucleus pulposus removal with little injury enables patients to recover faster, with an average hospital stay of about 5 days. (5) Less complications: less trauma, lower chance of thrombosis and infection; no postoperative scarring at the posterior important structures leading to adhesions of the spinal canal and nerves. (6) Wide range of indications: the intraoperative purpose is direct, and any herniated disc fragment can be removed; it can deal with almost all types of disc herniation, some spinal stenosis, foraminal stenosis, calcification and other bony lesions. (7) High satisfaction of efficacy: immediate postoperative relief of pain and other symptoms, self-care of urination and defecation, and simple care. With the continuous improvement of the supporting instruments and the maturity of the surgical technology, the indications for minimally invasive intervertebral discoscopic surgery have been broadened from the early treatment of single-segment simple posterior lateral herniation to the current treatment of various special types of multi-segment. The main indications are lumbar spinal stenosis such as disc herniation, lateral saphenous stenosis, and central canal stenosis, etc. Because the surgery is less invasive, it is especially suitable for patients of advanced age, developing adolescents, and patients with hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, etc. who cannot tolerate major surgery.