Any part of the urinary system is completely or partially obstructed, acutely or chronically, due to intraluminal or extraluminal causes. If the obstruction is not removed in time, it will eventually lead to hydronephrosis and impair renal function. In the upper urinary tract, where the pelvis and ureter are obstructed, hydronephrosis develops quickly, but often one side is damaged; in the lower urinary tract, where the bladder and urethra are obstructed, the kidney damage develops slowly at first because the bladder serves as a buffer, but often the kidneys are damaged bilaterally. What are the diseases that are easily confused with urinary tract obstruction? 1, urethral agenesis and congenital urethral atresia Urethral agenesis and urethral atresia are extremely rare, and urethral atresia can be complete, partial or membranous. In complete atresia, the urethra is in the shape of a cord; in partial atresia, it occurs mostly in the head of the penis or the urethra of the penis; in membranous atresia, it often occurs in the external urethra or posterior urethra of the head of the penis in men and in the external urethra in women. 2, Egyptian schistosomiasis Egyptian schistosomiasis was first discovered by Bilhartz in 1851 in Cairo, Egypt, and in his honor, schistosomiasis is also known as Bilharziasis. the disease is prevalent in most African countries, and according to the mummies of ancient Egyptian bodies, the disease has a history of several thousand years in Africa. Egyptian schistosomes are parasitic in the bladder and pelvic plexus, producing urogenital lesions with clinical manifestations such as terminal hematuria, bladder irritation and obstruction. 3. Urethral stones Urethral stones are not common, but mostly originate from the bladder and the urinary system above the bladder, such as kidney stones, ureteral stones or bladder stones. Stones may rest in the urethra or become lodged in the prostatic urethra, navicular fossa or external urethral orifice during expulsion, or, in rare cases, secondary to urethral stricture, urethral atresia, foreign body or urethral diverticulum. Stones originating in the urethra are quite rare and are usually solitary. Most of the stones with co-infection are composed of ammonium magnesium phosphate. The majority of female urethral stones occur in the urethral diverticulum. Prostate cancer is one of the main causes of cancer death in men in Europe and the United States, the incidence rate increases with age, half of the prostate examined above the age of 80 have cancerous lesions, but the actual clinical incidence is much lower than this number, there are obvious regional and racial differences in the incidence of prostate cancer, according to statistics, the Chinese have the lowest, Europeans have the highest, Africa and Israel are in between, our country and Japan and other countries are low incidence areas of prostate cancer, but no The number of latent cancer foci found in selected autopsy prostate segmental sections of men over 50 years of age is similar to that in Europe and the United States, so it is believed that cancer growth in the East is slower than in the West and there are fewer clinical cases. In addition, there is a relationship between prostate cancer and the environment.