Tracheoscopy is one of the means to examine the lesions of trachea and bronchial tubes by using endoscope, and the process mainly includes anesthesia, microscopy and diagnostic and therapeutic measures when necessary.
1. Anesthesia: Anesthesia for tracheoscopy is divided into local anesthesia and general anesthesia. Local anesthesia refers to local infiltration anesthesia, generally using 2% lidocaine atomized inhalation, the patient’s nasal cavity and oropharyngeal mucous membrane anesthesia, reduce the mirror through the nasal cavity, the sound gate when the stimulation. General anesthesia generally means that the patient is rendered unconscious by intravenous infusion of relevant anesthetic drugs.
2. Mirroring: after local or general anesthesia to the mucous membrane, lubricant containing anesthetic is applied to the anterior part of the tracheoscope, slowly passing through the nasal cavity, crossing the vocal folds, and extending the mirror into the patient’s trachea, the main bronchus and all levels of the bronchial tubes, first checking the healthy side and then checking the diseased side of the trachea, and then withdrawing from the tracheoscope when the examination is finished and there is no need for anything else.
3. Other diagnostic and therapeutic measures: according to the needs of the condition, tracheoscopy can also accomplish the following diagnostic and therapeutic measures: including biopsy and resection of the mass in the lumen of the bronchial tubes, hemostasis of local bleeding, and alveolar lavage.
Tracheoscopy has a very important role in respiratory diseases, but there are indications and contraindications for its use, which need to be weighed by specialists.