Infective endocarditis is an inflammation of the endocardium of the heart valves or ventricular wall due to direct infection by bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms (e.g., viruses, rickettsia, chlamydia, spirochetes, etc.), which may be accompanied by the formation of superfluous organisms. The redundant organisms are platelet and fibrin clumps of varying size and shape, containing a large number of microorganisms and a small number of inflammatory cells. There are two main types of infective endocarditis: one is “autologous valve endocarditis”, which occurs in the heart valves. Most of these patients have underlying cardiac pathology, such as ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, or stenosis or incomplete closure of the valve. There is also “prosthetic valve infective endocarditis” or “implant-associated endocarditis,” which occurs in patients with intracardiac implants, most of which are intracardiac implants such as prosthetic valves, pacemakers, and prosthetic patches. In addition, depending on the urgency of the onset of the disease, it can be divided into “acute infective endocarditis” and “subacute infective endocarditis”. The clinical manifestations of infective endocarditis: 1. fever fever is the most common manifestation of endocarditis patients, holding such patients often show repeated fever, some fever may be preceded by chills, body temperature can be high, long history of disease, temperature can be repeatedly increased, the general anti-infective treatment is not effective. 2. embolism manifestation some patients with endocarditis peripheral vascular embolism as the first manifestation, some patients even acute cerebral infarction as the first manifestation, the consequences are serious. The consequences are serious. This is due to the detachment of intracardiac redundancy, which can also manifest as mesenteric artery embolism, splenic infarction, etc. 3. heart murmur A heart murmur can occur when endocarditis leads to valvular insufficiency. 4. malaise Repeated fever, cardiac structural damage causing cardiac insufficiency, etc., can lead to malaise and, in severe cases, heart failure: shortness of breath, wheezing, inability to lie down, edema, etc. 5. patients with positive blood cultures for endocarditis When the infection is poorly controlled, there can often be a positive blood culture.