1.What is tumor thermal therapy? The principle of tumor thermotherapy is to use physical methods to heat the tissues to the temperature that can kill tumor cells (42.5℃-43.5℃) for 40-60 minutes, so as to achieve a method that not only destroys tumor cells but also does not damage normal tissues (the safety limit of normal tissue cell temperature is 45℃±1℃). Heat therapy not only has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells, but also can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, improve the immunity of the body, and inhibit the metastasis of tumors. It is reported in literature that heat therapy can increase the local efficiency of chemotherapy or radiotherapy by about 50% on the basis of the original one. 2.Is there any adverse effect of thermotherapy? Because of the distortion and expansion of blood vessels in tumor tissues, high resistance to blood flow, incompetent vascular receptors, and poor sensitivity to temperature, it is difficult to dissipate heat under the effect of high temperature, and heat is easy to focus and warm up quickly, which can have a temperature difference of 5~10℃ with normal tissues; while normal cells can tolerate high heat of 42.5℃~43.5℃ for a long time, which can kill tumor cells without affecting normal cells and will not cause adverse reactions such as bone marrow suppression and hair loss. It will not cause adverse effects such as bone marrow suppression and hair loss. This is the unique feature of thermotherapy, which is different from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 3.What are the types of thermal therapy? At present, thermotherapy can be divided into two types: systemic thermotherapy and local thermotherapy. The current clinical tumor heat therapy mainly adopts local heat therapy, and the heat sources used are: infrared ray, hot water bath, hot bath, ultrasonic wave, radio frequency, microwave and so on. The principle of local heat therapy is that tumor degeneration and necrosis occurs, and the absorption of necrotic tumor products stimulates the immune function of the body. 4.Why can the combination of heat therapy and chemotherapy improve the efficacy? Heat therapy enhances the effect of chemotherapy drugs based on: ① heating changes the permeability of cell membranes, which is conducive to the permeation and absorption of chemotherapy drugs; ② heating inhibits the repair of damage to chemotherapy drugs by tumor cells; ③ heating improves the blood circulation around the tumor, and the increase of blood flow is conducive to increasing the concentration of drugs in the tumor, which enhances the anti-tumor effect; at the same time, it can reduce the toxic effect of chemotherapy drugs on the unheated normal tissues; the combination of the two can also help prevent and delay the resistance to chemotherapy. The combination also helps to prevent and delay the generation of drug resistance. 5.Why can heat therapy + radiotherapy improve the efficacy? The biological basis of heat therapy to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy is: ① the killing effect of heat on hypoxic cells is the same as that of adequate oxygen cells; ② the repair of radiation damage is inhibited by heat; ③ the direct killing and sensitizing effect of heat on S-phase cells which are not sensitive to radiation. The tumor cells located in the central part of the tumor are in hypoxic state, insensitive to radiation and cannot be completely killed after radiotherapy, which often become the root cause of tumor recurrence, while the role of heat therapy is especially strong for such sub-tumor cells; especially the S-phase cells resistant to radiotherapy are especially easy to be killed by high heat, therefore, heat therapy can make up for the shortage of radiotherapy and the combination can improve the therapeutic effect. 6.What is the scope of heat therapy? Primary and recurrent malignant solid tumors in superficial and deep parts of human body such as thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity (except for head and blood) and possible subclinical lesions after surgery. Thoracic cavity: lung cancer, esophageal cancer, cardia cancer, mediastinal tumors, malignant lymphoma, etc. Abdominal cavity: gastric cancer, tumor, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, smooth muscle sarcoma, kidney cancer, etc. Pelvic cavity: ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, uterine cancer, etc. Soft tissue sarcoma and metastasis, etc. 7.What are the contraindications of thermotherapy? Contraindications include: patients with severe heart disease and pacemakers, patients with tuberculosis and metastases at the treatment site, patients with bleeding tendency, female patients during menstruation, patients with metal objects implanted in the body, such as abdominal plates and steel nails, pregnant women, patients with intracranial occupational lesions and various leukemias are not suitable.