A cough that is severe and persistent should be diagnosed with a clear etiology. In clinical cases of acute cough, i.e. cough lasting less than three weeks, this condition can be seen as an infectious disease and can be treated with the appropriate anti-infective therapy. On the other hand, if the cough lasts for a longer period of time and the clinical symptoms do not resolve, the appropriate evaluation is required, e.g. to determine whether the cough is cough variant asthma, cough due to gastroesophageal reflux, eosinophilic bronchitis, etc. Specific medication treatment should be given on the basis of a clear diagnosis in order to better control the clinical symptoms of cough.