The so-called pseudohypertrophic progressive muscular dystrophy mainly refers to Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy and Becker’s muscular dystrophy, both of which have the same pathogenesis and are actually heavy and light forms of a disease. Both are caused by a defect in the Dystrophin gene on the X chromosome, resulting in abnormal Dystrophin protein in muscle cells, and the muscle cells are structurally unstable and easily destroyed. This is called “pseudohypertrophy” because patients often have hypertrophy and stiffening of the calf gastrocnemius muscle, which is not a real increase in muscle but a proliferation of connective tissue. The incidence of this genetic disease is still high, with one in every 3,000 live births of male children. Usually the gene comes from the maternal line, and if the mother is a carrier, there is a 50% chance that she will have a child if she is a boy, and a 50% chance that she will be a carrier if she is a girl. In terms of treatment, the only way to treat the disease at its root is to correct the structural abnormalities brought about by this genetic defect. However, gene therapy is still in the research stage and there is no effective treatment for this disease. Some hospitals use hormone therapy, which may slow down the progression of the disease, but the effect is not very certain and the side effects are relatively high. Currently, special rehabilitation and gymnastics treatments are usually given abroad to reduce the deformity caused by muscle atrophy to some extent.