A herniated lumbar disc can lead to compression and irritation of the nerve roots or cauda equina in the spinal canal and an inflammatory response, resulting in a series of neurological manifestations, mainly including lumbar and leg pain, which can produce pain in the lumbar region, accompanied by radiating pain in the lower extremities, which can run along the buttocks, the back of the thighs to the calves, and also produce sensory abnormalities in the lower extremities, such as numbness in the calves and numbness in the dorsum of the feet. If the compression is more severe, it will produce loss of muscle strength, lack of strength and loss of physiological reflexes in the lower limbs, or even pathological reflexes. If the cauda equina nerve is compressed, there will be abnormal sensation in the saddle area, that is, the perineal area will have abnormal numbness and sensation, and it may also affect urination and defecation, causing urinary retention, constipation and other symptoms, and for men, it may also cause sexual dysfunction.