Most benign thyroid nodules require only regular follow-up and no specific treatment. In rare cases, surgery, thyroid hormone suppression therapy, radioactive iodine therapy, or other treatments may be used. Benign thyroid nodules need to be treated under the guidance of a doctor, and should not be treated blindly. Indications for surgery for benign thyroid nodules include: the presence of localized pressure symptoms associated with the nodule; combined with hyperthyroidism, for which medical treatment is ineffective; the swelling is located in the retrosternal or mediastinal septum; and the nodule grows progressively, which is considered to have a tendency of malignant transformation or combined with high risk factors for thyroid cancer. The specific treatment of benign thyroid nodules needs to consult a professional doctor and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized treatment.