The occurrence of jaundice is mainly related to the immaturity of the liver. For premature or full-term infants, the main thing is to distinguish between physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice, and to system a reasonable and effective treatment plan. If a premature infant is fed normally, if he or she has normal weight gain and is in good spirits, he or she is considered to have physiological jaundice and can be observed first without treatment. If the jaundice develops too quickly after birth and lasts for a long time, or if the jaundice subsides and then recurs and worsens, and may be accompanied by abnormal body temperature, lack of breastfeeding, abnormal color of urine and stool, etc., the jaundice is mostly pathological and should be treated early. In the case of pathological jaundice, the symptoms appear earlier in premature infants than in full-term infants, and the duration of serum bilirubin is longer and the degree is higher. If there is excessive destruction of physiological red blood cells, asphyxia, sepsis, and respiratory distress may occur in preterm infants, which can worsen jaundice. Generally, it is necessary to determine whether pathological jaundice is present through ultrasound and examination of bilirubin, and carry out corresponding timely treatment to avoid serious harm to the infant. Gardenia jasminoides granules have a certain effect on the treatment of jaundice, or to irradiate blue light and daily sunlight, so that the bilirubin in the blood can be discharged from the body. As the body functions of preterm infants are not yet developed perfectly, special care and nursing are needed for the treatment of jaundice, and with timely and effective treatment programs, jaundice can be effectively cured to ensure the health of preterm infants.