What is a chronic migraine? Chronic migraine is one of the most disabling forms of headache, with chronic migraineurs experiencing headaches more than 14 days out of every month. This condition can seriously affect family, work and social life, so it is important to have a variety of treatment options. According to the Chinese Migraine Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines (2011), the main drugs applied in the preventive treatment of migraine include: beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptics, antidepressants, NSAIDs and other kinds of drugs. For minimally invasive treatment, in addition to stellate ganglion block, which has proven efficacy, botulinum toxin type A is now widely used in the UK and the US for clinical prevention and treatment of migraine, and the treatment is emerging in China. In October 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Botulinum Toxin Type A for the treatment of chronic migraine headaches and found it to be effective. What is Botulinum Toxin Type A? Botulinum toxin is a protein secreted from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which was first used in 1972 by Dr. Scott in San Francisco to treat strabismus in ophthalmology; later, Botulinum toxin type A was introduced to the field of wrinkle reduction, which revolutionized the cosmetic world and was called “cosmetic needle” or “face slimming needle”. “In 1998, Binder et al. first reported the possibility of clinical treatment of migraine with botulinum toxin type A when they found that patients’ migraines were relieved while using botulinum toxin type A for cosmetic wrinkle reduction. Botulinum toxin type A injections are administered mainly in the head and neck area, where the muscles are most likely to be tense during chronic migraine pain, in the same way as cosmetic injections. Indications for Botulinum toxin type A for chronic migraine need to be mastered. There are several studies showing that Botulinum toxin type A injections have significant efficacy in the treatment of chronic migraine, but for those patients with paroxysmal or tension headaches, the efficacy of Botulinum toxin type A is not significant. Therefore, care should be taken to distinguish chronic migraine from other headaches when selecting patients for treatment. In conclusion, the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A, as a new type of drug, in the prophylactic treatment of migraine is worthy of recognition and may become one of the important directions for the future minimally invasive interventional treatment of chronic migraine in China. The clinical application of botulinum toxin type A should pay attention to its indications, injection dose and injection site. Also, the dilution level, injection timing and time interval of each injection are strictly required and must be operated by experienced doctors.