The principle of nucleic acid testing is mainly to amplify the gene sequences of microorganisms using fluorescent quantitative PCR. Disease-causing pathogens have their own specific nucleic acid sequences, and nucleic acid detection is mainly through the double-stranded complementary pairing principle of nucleic acids. A single-stranded nucleic acid sequence is synthesized to be complementary to the DNA or RNA of the pathogen as a probe, and then labeled by fluorescent PCR. The synthesized single-stranded nucleic acid sequence is then combined with the nucleic acid of the pathogen to be tested. If the probe shows signs of binding to the nucleic acid to be tested, then the instrument detects fluorescence and performs sequence amplification of the gene. During the current neocoronavirus epidemic, the neocoronavirus nucleic acid test is currently the predominant test used to confirm the diagnosis of neocoronavirus infection. Aggressive quarantine treatment is required if neocoronavirus nucleic acid positivity is present.