Once an anal fissure is present, patients are mostly not self-healing. It is recommended to consult the anorectal department in time and under the guidance of a doctor, and the fissure can be recovered after regular treatment. The essence of anal fissure is an ischemic ulcer, and its etiology and pathogenesis are not yet clear. The most common trigger is constipation during stool or recurrent diarrhea that causes anal canal injury. The initial treatment for patients with acute or incipient anal fissures should be mainly non-surgical, such as increasing the intake of dietary fiber and water, taking a 1:5,000 concentration of potassium permanganate bath, and developing regular bowel habits, most of which can be cured within a few weeks. However, there is still a risk of recurrence if the patient does not pay attention to many aspects of life habits and diet. If recurrent fissures occur, there is a risk of complications such as hemorrhoids, fistulas and ulcers. After healing, patients must pay attention to their lifestyle, not to sit, stand or squat for a long time; pay attention to their diet, prohibit spicy and stimulating foods; prohibit smoking and drinking. Develop good bowel habits to avoid constipation caused by difficult bowel movements, so as to avoid recurrence of anal fissure and aggravation of the condition.