Thyroid nodules are masses of one or more abnormal tissue structures in the thyroid gland due to various reasons. Thyroid nodule treatment options are related to the nature and size of the thyroid nodule. In the case of benign asymptomatic thyroid nodules, treatment is usually not necessary and regular follow-up is sufficient. For benign thyroid nodules with no symptoms of pressure or malignant changes, regular ultrasound examinations of the thyroid gland and observation of changes in the thyroid nodules are usually sufficient after judgment by a medical professional. Once the thyroid nodule increases in size and becomes oppressive, such as dyspnea and dysphagia, surgery is usually required. Surgery is also usually required for thyroid nodules that have a tendency to become malignant. If thyroid nodules are combined with hyper- or hypothyroidism, treatment with antithyroid drugs or levothyroxine is required. Patients with thyroid nodules should be treated under the guidance of a medical professional to avoid delays.