IVP has also become intravenous pyelography, and it is one of the more commonly used tests in urology. It costs$225 at a municipal tertiary care hospital and requires the use of a contrast medium. The price of the contrast agent varies depending on the specific contrast agent chosen. If you choose a generic pantethine contrast agent, the cost will be around$20. If a non-ionic contrast agent such as iohexol or iophorol is used, the cost will be around$200. With intravenous pyelography, a contrast agent is injected into a blood vessel. If pantethine is chosen, an iodine allergy test is required. For non-ionic contrast agents such as iohexol and iodoflurane, no skin test is required and the agent can be injected directly into the vein. After injection, the contrast agent is metabolized by the kidneys, and then under X-ray surveillance, the renal imaging can be observed dynamically to determine the function of the kidneys, whether there is fluid accumulation in the kidneys, and whether there is any obstructive lesion in the urinary tract and its location, etc., so as to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.