Preoperative care: After the patients are admitted to the hospital, the nursing staff should warmly receive the patients, patiently explain to the patients and their families about the hospital equipment, environment, attending doctors, responsible nurses, and the relevant management system of the wards, etc., and assist the patients to go through the procedures of admission to help the patients familiarize themselves with the environment of the wards, and eliminate the sense of unfamiliarity and fear of the patients. At the same time, nursing staff should fully understand the patient’s family background, occupation, age and cultural level and other aspects of the situation, the correct assessment of the patient’s condition, and the actual situation of the patient as the basic basis, combined with the requirements of the doctor’s orders, the development of targeted care measures, targeted care for patients. During this period, the nursing staff should communicate with the patients, establish a good nurse-patient relationship with the patients, guide the patients to rationalize the diet, pay more attention to rest, and do a good job of preoperative preparation. Intraoperative care: During the operation, nursing staff should assist the patient to maintain a comfortable position, closely observe the patient’s condition and changes in vital signs, and do a good job of keeping the patient warm and protecting and respecting the patient’s privacy. Postoperative care: usually, postoperative care mainly includes the following aspects: (1) psychological care. Due to the intense pain after surgery, coupled with the patients’ worry about the prognosis, they are prone to a variety of adverse emotions, such as restlessness, frustration, boredom and loss. Nursing staff must give patients psychological support, timely guidance and encouragement to patients, tell patients that the operation is very successful, let patients understand the effectiveness and safety of the operation, relieve patients’ nervousness and mental pressure, so that patients can establish confidence in overcoming the disease, and get through the pain period of defecation, drainage and gas; (2) Dietary care. Nursing staff should instruct patients to rationally arrange their diet, and in the early postoperative period, try to eat some light, easy-to-digest and nutrient-rich foods, especially fresh fruits and vegetables, so as to keep the bowel movement smooth, and at the same time, advise patients not to consume easy-to-produce foods such as milk and beans, so as to avoid abdominal bloating and other symptoms, which will affect the recovery of the prognosis; (3) defecation care. Nursing staff should instruct patients to develop good defecation habits, scientific and effective defecation, try to defecate in the early postoperative period, and for some constipated patients, they should be given corkscrew to promote defecation. At the same time, after defecation, nursing staff should timely use potassium permanganate solution to clean the perianal and perineal areas of patients, so as to keep them dry and clean, and reduce the incidence of infection; (4) Wound care. After the operation, nursing staff should regularly change the drugs for the patient’s wound site, during the change of drugs, must adhere to the principle of asepsis, to avoid cross-infection, and strictly in accordance with the requirements of the doctor’s orders, Yunnan Baiyao, kanamycin, and rifampicin and other drugs coated in the patient’s wound site, to reduce the risk of infection. At the same time, nursing staff should also closely observe the patient’s wound site, check whether there is blood seepage, seepage, once abnormalities are found, change the dressing in a timely manner, so that the incision site to keep dry, clean, to avoid infection.