High density shadow of thoracic spine may be caused by osteophytes, bone island formation, tumor and so on. 1. Localized bone island formation in thoracic vertebrae: Bone island is a bony nodule, which can be formed locally due to bone precipitation, generally physiological, without obvious pain and other manifestations, and usually does not need to be handled, and regular rechecking can be done. 2. Thoracic vertebral osteophytes: it is a more common associated lesion, due to external factors such as cartilage damage, deformation, and ultimately osteophytes, regular review is needed, and if the pain is obvious, it can be combined with ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for control. Usually, there is no need to carry out special treatment, strengthen the functional exercise, strengthen the sports can be. 3. Tumor: including osteoid osteoma, osteogenic tumor, etc., can also lead to increased bone mineral density of thoracic vertebrae, which may require thoracic magnetic resonance imaging and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to make a clear diagnosis. High density shadow caused by tumor lesions in thoracic vertebrae should be detected and diagnosed at an early stage, and according to the nature and condition of the lesions, thoracic spine puncture should be carried out when necessary to clarify the diagnosis and guide the treatment.