There are two types of atrial septal defect surgery, including interventional occlusion surgery in medicine and open chest repair surgery in surgery. Interventional surgery is mainly suitable for central atrial septal defects, through the guide wire puncture into the blood vessel, the blocker will be delivered to the defect site, and the blocker will be opened to seal the gap, which will lead to a radical cure. If interventional surgery is not possible or not desired, surgical repair can be performed. Surgical procedures are divided into axillary small incision surgery and median sternal incision surgery. Axillary surgery is less invasive, but the surgical operation is difficult and usually needs to be performed in a large hospital. The surgical procedure mainly includes anesthesia, opening the chest cavity, opening the pericardium, connecting the extracorporeal circulation device, opening the heart, repairing the defect, after which the heart is closed, the extracorporeal circulation is withdrawn, and the pericardium and chest wall incisions are sutured, before being sent to the post-operative care unit for follow-up treatment.