Retroperitoneal tumors include primary retroperitoneal tumors that originate in the underlying retroperitoneal space and secondary retroperitoneal tumors that metastasize from other sites, but clinically, we often refer to primary retroperitoneal tumors only. In terms of pathological types, liposarcoma is the most common, followed by smooth muscle sarcoma, and some other more common tumor types include pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma, paraganglioma, and malignant mesothelioma. After talking about so many professional things, you may still have no idea, so let’s talk about the most typical manifestation of retroperitoneal tumor, that is, the tumor is usually very large, which is what we usually call “big tumor”. Of course, it is treatable, and today we will talk about the perioperative care of retroperitoneal tumor patients. What is the perioperative care for retroperitoneal tumor patients? I. Psychological care Patients with retroperitoneal tumor may have limited feeding due to tumor compression of digestive tract, and at the same time, huge tumor competes with the body for nutrition, so they are prone to malnutrition. On the one hand, patients are eager for early surgery, but on the other hand, they are worried that the surgery will not be clean, so their moods fluctuate. The above characteristics are more prominent in relapsed patients. The nurse should sympathize with and understand the patient, and introduce to the patient the surgery to be performed, the possible problems and the targeted measures to be taken, so as to reduce the patient’s doubts, make him feel safe and trust the medical staff, adjust his bad mentality and make him actively cooperate with the treatment. Postoperative care 1. Monitoring of vital signs The surgery of retroperitoneal tumor is traumatic, long and blood loss is large, and the impact on the function of important organs and the balance of internal environment is great, so the postoperative cardiac monitoring should be continued and the changes of body temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure and oxygen saturation should be dynamically observed. Adjust the infusion rate according to the urine volume and specific gravity at any time. The liver and kidney function, electrolytes, blood gas analysis, blood glucose and red blood cell ratio should be routinely checked daily, and therapeutic measures should be adjusted according to the biochemical examination. 2.Respiratory management After general anesthesia for retroperitoneal tumor, the patient is not awake, the effect of inotropic agents has not been eliminated, and spontaneous breathing has not been completely restored. Suck sputum at any time during intubation. Before suctioning, wash hands, wear a mask and pay attention to aseptic practice, moderate negative pressure of suctioning, gentle and rapid movement, control the time of suctioning, and observe the change of oxygen saturation at the same time. In order to avoid a large drop in oxygen saturation due to sputum aspiration, pure oxygen inhalation can be given for a short time after sputum aspiration, and oxygen flow rate can be adjusted to the level before sputum aspiration after oxygen saturation regains. When sputum is viscous, 2.5% NaHCO3 solution and chloramphenicol eye drops 3-5 drops/sub-1~2h can be alternately injected into the tracheal intubation tube to dilute sputum. The suction tube is cleaned after use, soaked in a square dish with a lid containing 0.5% chlorhexidine solution, and the chlorhexidine solution is changed daily. After removal of the tracheal intubation, the patient was sent to the monitoring ward, and after discontinuing the ventilator, he was placed in a semi-recumbent position and turned and patted on the back once every 1~2 hours. Instruct and encourage the patient to practice deep breathing, learn to cough up sputum effectively, and perform ultrasonic nebulized inhalation at any time to prevent pneumoconiosis. 3. Care of arterial indwelling needle An arterial indwelling needle is placed by puncturing the radial artery during the operation of giant retroperitoneal tumor to prepare for monitoring arterial blood pressure, and can be brought back to the ward for further use if needed. However, attention should be paid to the regular pushing of anticoagulant to prevent blood coagulation and proper fixation to avoid bleeding caused by needle dislodgement. 4.Venous access care Patients should be left with double-lumen central venous catheters before surgery, and the drugs should be changed once a day after surgery, and anticoagulants should be pushed regularly. In order to prevent acute heart failure and pulmonary edema, it is appropriate to use the infusion pump to infuse fluids at a uniform rate when a large amount of postoperative rehydration occurs.