The sudden swelling and pain of a toe is commonly caused by the following factors: 1. traumatic factors, patients with sprained toes or injuries caused by heavy objects, can lead to sudden swelling and painful symptoms, if combined with fracture dislocation, the swelling and pain will be more serious, at this time the X-ray can confirm the fracture dislocation, after active treatment, swelling and pain symptoms will gradually ease. 2. purulent toe infection, toe stabbing or infection, can lead to local swelling and pain, accompanied by local pus, the patient needs surgery to drain the pus and remove the infected lesions, in order to make the swelling and pain symptoms complete. The patient’s pain is severe and requires surgery to drain the pus and remove the infected lesion in order to completely relieve the swelling and pain.